Napoleon Bonaparte: The First “Islamic Modernist?”

Islamic history is rife with episodes of battles, wars, and conquests. This is no doubt a result of the divine command to engage in armed struggle or “jihad” against disbelieving polities. Liberal and modernist polemics against Islam often revolve around the idea of jihad as barbaric, materially motivated invasions coated by a mirage of spiritual […]

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source https://muslimskeptic.com/2026/09/17/napoleon-bonaparte-islamic-modernist/

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